History of Field Hockey
History of Field Hockey
The origins of hockey are often traced to ancient Egypt, Persia, and Greece; but the sport as we all know it, was developed within the British Isles within the late 19th century. In 1901, hockey was delivered to the us by an English woman, Constance M.K. Applebee. She spread the sport to Vassar, Wellesley, Holyoke, Radcliffe, and Bryn Mawr Colleges. Her influence helped hockey grow in schools, colleges, and clubs. In 1922, the us hockey Association was formed because the national administration for the game.
Since hockey was introduced into this country by a woman , the sport has been played mostly by female athletes within the US. However in other countries hockey is widely played by both men and ladies . In 1930, the world Hockey Association of America was formed because the administration for the men’s game. In 1993, the men’s and women’s associations merged into the USFHA, which is that the official hockey organization recognized by the Olympic Committee. In 1984, they earned a trophy within the l. a. games and have since competed within the 1988 (Seoul, Korea), 1996 (Atlanta), and 2008 (Beijing) Olympic games.
Field hockey, also called hockey, athletic game played by two opposing teams of 11 players each who use sticks curved at the striking end to hit alittle , hard ball into their opponent’s goal. it's called hockey to differentiate it from the similar game played on ice.
Hockey is believed so far from the earliest civilizations. The Arabs, Greeks, Persians, and Romans each had their own versions, and traces of a stick game played by the Aztec Indians of South America are found. Hockey also can be identified with other early games, like hurling and shinty. During the center Ages a French stick game called hoquet was played, and therefore the English word could also be derived from it.
Hockey began to be played in English schools within the late 19th century, and therefore the first men’s hockey club, at Blackheath in southeastern London, recorded a moment book in 1861. The replacement of the rubber cube by a sphere because the ball, and most significantly , the adopting of a striking circle.
The British army was largely liable for spreading the sport , particularly in India and therefore the Far East . International competition began in 1895. By 1928 hockey had become India’s national game, and within the Olympic Games that year the Indian team, competing for the primary time, won the trophy without conceding a goal in five matches. it had been the beginning of India’s domination of the game , an era that ended only with the emergence of Pakistan within the late 1940s. the decision for more international matches led to the introduction in 1971 of the planet Cup. Other Biggest international tournaments include the Asian Cup, Asian Games, European Cup Games. Men’s hockey was included within the Olympic Games in 1908 and 1920 then permanently from 1928. Indoor hockey, played by teams of six players with six interchanging substitutes, has become popular in Europe.
Despite the restrictions on sports for girls during the Victorian era, hockey became increasingly popular among women. Although women’s teams had played regular friendly games since 1895, serious international competition didn't begin until the 1970s. the primary Women’s World Cup was held in 1974, and women’s hockey became an Olympic event in 1980. The international administration , the International Federation of Women’s Hockey Associations, was formed in 1927. the sport was introduced into the us in 1901 by Constance M.K. Applebee, and hockey subsequently became a well-liked outdoor sport among women there, being played in schools, colleges, and clubs.
The game is played by two teams of 11 players on an oblong ground. the sector is 100 yards (91.4 metres) long and 60 yards (55 metres) wide, and it's marked with a centre line and two 25-yard lines. The goals are 4 yards (3.66 metres) wide and seven feet (2.13 metres) high. For a goal (which counts for one point) to be scored, the ball must enter the goal and, while within the shooting circle (semicircle), must are touched by the stick of an attacker. The ball was originally a ball (cork centre, string-wound, and covered with leather), but plastic balls also are approved. it's about 9 inches (23 cm) in circumference. The stick is typically 36 to 38 inches (about 1 metre) long and weighs 12 to twenty-eight ounces (340 to 790 grams). Only the flat left side of the stick could also be wont to strike the ball.
The usual composition of a team is five forwards, three halfbacks, two fullbacks, and a goalkeeper. A game consists of two halves of 35 minutes each, with an interruption of 5–10 minutes. A time-out is named only just in case of injury. The goalkeeper wears thick, yet lightweight pads and, while within the shooting circle, is allowed to kick the ball or stop it with the foot or the body. All other players, however, may stop the ball with the stick only.
No comments: